Quantum Error Correction
Set of techniques that protect quantum information from noise by encoding logical qubits across many physical qubits.
On paper, the qubits to break RSA-2048 fell from a million to tens of thousands in a year, but the smaller machines trade the saving for weeks of runtime. Oratomic raised $300M to build one.
Logical qubit' means something different on every vendor roadmap, and DOE's 2028 target doesn't yet say which one counts. A 90-day specifications release this fall settles it.
Quantinuum's H2 trapped-ion processor claims quantum magnetism simulation beyond classical tensor network reach. Materials science utility undemonstrated.
The World Quantum Day launch adds open models for calibration and QEC decoding, but the bigger move is NVIDIA tying AI inference to CUDA-Q, CUDAQ-Realtime, and NVQLink in the path to fault tolerance.